Child coal miners with mules in West Virginia in 1908, via Smithsonian Magazine
The 1900s marked a period of transformation for Appalachia. The railroad and coal mining industries surged, bringing the region prosperity and promise. However, Appalachia's economy proved to be extremely unstable as it relied on fluctuating coal prices. The Great Depression cast a long shadow over Appalachia, plunging many into poverty as demand waned and industries faltered.
By the 1950s, Appalachia's once-thriving coal mining sector faced challenges from competing energy sources like oil and natural gas, coupled with mining mechanization. Despite the region's struggles, national and state governments largely ignored its issues. The people of Appalachia were scarred by poverty, deteriorating infrastructure, and a lack of educational opportunities.
Today, Appalachia grapples with persistent poverty rates that have climbed since the 1950s, hovering at a troubling 14.5%. Median household incomes are 82% of the national median of $69,021. Additionally, Appalachians struggle with health challenges. The heart disease and infant mortality rates are 42% and 16% higher than the national averages, respectively.
2019 map of poverty rates in Appalachia.
The children of Appalachia are especially struggling with the issues the region has been facing for decades. Studies show they are more likely to have psychological disorders, obesity, dental problems, and food insecurity. Moreover, they enroll in poor educational systems that fail to equip them with the tools they need to break free from the cycle of poverty.
Despite the poverty within Appalachia, recent trends show promise in the region. The rise of remote work, which began in 2020, has created many job opportunities. In addition, population growth has risen and private investment is increasing. The landscape of Appalachia is changing with new housing developments being constructed.
Organizations like Anchor Ridge and Children Incorporated providing vital support to Appalachian children in need. Anchor Ridge provides food, shelter, clothing, and other life-sustaining supplies to Appalachian children. Children Incorporated has a sponsorship program where Appalachian children receive basic necessities such as school supplies and fees, food, clothing, and access to healthcare.
Below are the links to donate to Anchor Ridge and Children Incorporated.
Works Cited
“Income and Poverty in Appalachia.” Appalachian Regional Commission, https://www.arc.gov/about-the-appalachian-region/the-chartbook/income-and-poverty-in-appalachia/. Accessed 30 March 2024.
“Population Health Challenges for Appalachian Children.” Foundation for Appalachian Ohio, https://appalachianohio.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Appalachian-Children-Data-One-Pager.pdf. Accessed 30 March 2024.
Renn, Aaron. “The Future of Appalachia.” 9 November 2017, https://www.newgeography.com/files/The-Future-of-Appalachia.pdf. Accessed 30 March 2024.
Whipple, Madison. “The History of Appalachia & Its People.” TheCollector, 17 October 2023, https://www.thecollector.com/history-of-appalachia-and-its-people/. Accessed 30 March 2024.
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